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Daylight sensors (also called photocells) dim or switch lights based on daylight availability, reducing energy consumption while maintaining adequate illumination. They do not directly impact HVAC systems or improve color rendering. Their indirect benefit may include reduced cooling loads due to lower lighting heat gains. CEA auditors must recognize daylight harvesting as a key lighting control strategy for high daylight environments.

Sensitivity analysis examines how results change under varying assumptions (e.g., energy prices, equipment lifespan, savings estimates), incorporating uncertainty and risk into decision-making. LCCA, NPV, and payback provide static results based on fixed inputs. CEA auditors must be able to run sensitivity analyses to present decision-makers with a range of potential outcomes.

Low-flow fixtures directly reduce the volume of hot water demanded, while point-of-use water heaters eliminate distribution losses by heating water close to the usage point. Together, these strategies provide significant reductions in both water and energy consumption. Increasing setpoint temperature increases losses and risk of scalding, while removing recirculation pumps may compromise service quality. In line with the CEA study guide, auditors are encouraged to evaluate both end-use efficiency measures (like low-flow devices) and distribution system modifications to optimize domestic hot water systems.

Interval data captures energy usage in short time increments (e.g., 15 or 30 minutes), revealing demand peaks, load shapes, and operational inefficiencies. It complements, rather than replaces, utility bills. Water use and warranties are unrelated. CEA auditors rely on interval data for demand management strategies and load shifting opportunities.

CRI measures how accurately a light source renders colors compared to natural light. High CRI improves comfort, safety, and productivity in workplaces. Lumen output and load affect energy use, while lifespan impacts maintenance costs. In CEA, auditors must consider both energy performance and human factors like CRI when assessing lighting systems.