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A non-rebreather mask with flow at 10–15 L/min delivers up to 90–95% oxygen for breathing patients. BVMs provide 100% but require assisted ventilation. Nasal cannulas and simple masks provide lower concentrations. EMRs use non-rebreathers for severe distress in spontaneous breathers.

The “E” in SAMPLE refers to Events leading up to the incident. Asking what happened before symptoms started provides context for the emergency. It helps providers identify triggers or causes. EMRs use SAMPLE to gather structured history information.

Burns to the face and neck risk airway swelling and obstruction. Airway monitoring and early oxygen support are priorities. Cold dressings and ointments are contraindicated. Covering wounds is secondary to airway management. EMRs recognize airway burns as life-threatening emergencies.

Open chest wounds risk developing into sucking chest wounds and tension pneumothorax. Occlusive dressings sealed on three sides allow air to escape but not enter. This prevents worsening respiratory compromise. EMRs are trained to manage chest wounds quickly before they lead to life-threatening complications.

Each rescue breath should be delivered over about 1 second, just enough to cause visible chest rise. Longer breaths risk gastric inflation, regurgitation, and aspiration. EMR guidelines emphasize controlled, efficient ventilations to maintain oxygenation without delaying compressions.