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Nasal cannulas deliver low-flow oxygen at 1–6 L/min, providing 24–44% oxygen concentration. Higher flows dry mucous membranes and are ineffective. Non-rebreather masks and BVMs require higher flows. EMRs must select appropriate rates for comfort and effectiveness.

With one rescuer, both children and adults use a 30:2 ratio. With two rescuers, the child ratio changes to 15:2. EMRs must remember age-specific differences and adapt based on resources available.

A non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min provides the highest oxygen concentration short of assisted ventilation. BVMs are for patients with inadequate or absent respirations. Nasal cannulas are insufficient in severe distress. EMRs escalate oxygen delivery based on respiratory status.

If there is no distal pulse, gentle realignment is attempted once to restore blood flow. If unsuccessful, splint in the position found and transport rapidly. Walking and ice are inappropriate. EMRs aim to preserve limb viability while ensuring rapid transport.

Single-rescuer infant compressions use two fingers just below the nipple line. Two-thumb encircling technique (option A) is used in two-rescuer CPR. The heel of the hand or both hands applies excessive force and risks injury. EMR courses emphasize correct hand placement and technique based on age group.