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Asystole is non-shockable. CPR, epinephrine, airway, and addressing reversible causes are indicated. Defibrillation (Option C) is ineffective and wastes time. Recognizing shockable vs. non-shockable rhythms ensures correct algorithms and avoids inappropriate interventions.

ETCO₂ should be 35–45 mmHg with adequate ventilation and perfusion. Hypoventilation raises ETCO₂, while hyperventilation lowers it. In cardiac arrest, ETCO₂ <10 mmHg suggests poor-quality CPR. Waveform monitoring ensures real-time assessment of airway and circulation, guiding adjustments.

No respirations after airway opening = Black (expectant/deceased). Red = immediate life-threats with potential survivability; Yellow = serious but can wait; Green = walking wounded. Rapid, consistent categorization preserves resources.

A PE occurs when a clot (usually from a DVT) obstructs pulmonary arteries, impairing oxygen exchange and causing hypoxia. Airway obstruction (Option A) is not vascular. ARDS (Option C) is surfactant loss. CHF (Option D) causes alveolar fluid. Recognizing PE is critical for rapid transport.

Seatbelts prevent injuries before they occur, making them primary prevention. Secondary prevention involves early detection, tertiary limits complications, and rehabilitation restores function. EMS promotes prevention through public education.