Free CNRN Exam Questions That Helps Candidates Pass

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Bulging fontanel and irritability are classic signs of increased intracranial pressure in infants due to open sutures allowing visible pressure changes. Additional signs may include poor feeding and high-pitched cry. Smiling, hiccups, and post-feeding sleep are normal infant behaviors and not indicative of neurological pathology. Early detection is essential to prevent brain injury.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

A low-stimulation environment helps reduce cerebral metabolic demand and prevents spikes in intracranial pressure. Excessive coughing, suctioning, or stimulation can increase ICP. Trendelenburg positioning increases intracranial blood flow and is contraindicated. Neurological assessments are essential and should not be completely restricted; they should be performed carefully and regularly.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

A poor suck reflex in a newborn may indicate neurological impairment, cranial nerve dysfunction, or developmental abnormalities affecting feeding coordination. Feeding ability is a key indicator of neonatal neurological status. Crying during diaper change and sneezing are normal behaviors. Sleeping after feeding is expected in newborns and not a sign of dysfunction.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

The left cerebral hemisphere typically controls language and motor function on the right side of the body. Sudden aphasia (inability to speak) combined with right-sided weakness strongly suggests a left hemispheric ischemic stroke, most commonly involving the middle cerebral artery. Cerebellar strokes cause coordination problems, not aphasia or unilateral weakness. Brain tumors and MS relapses usually present with more gradual or fluctuating symptoms rather than sudden onset deficits.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication commonly used for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke by reducing platelet aggregation and preventing clot formation. It is typically started after hemorrhagic stroke is excluded. Mannitol is used for intracranial pressure reduction, not stroke prevention. Furosemide is a diuretic unrelated to stroke prevention. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist and has no role in cerebrovascular disease management.