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Non-IC rated recessed lights must maintain clearance from insulation. Covering them traps heat, which may ignite insulation or wiring, creating a fire hazard. NHIE Domain 1 requires inspectors to identify unsafe electrical and insulation practices. While energy costs and bulb life may be affected, the overriding concern is fire safety. Reports should recommend correction by a licensed electrician or insulation contractor.

Reports must be based on observed conditions, not assumptions. NHIE Domain 2 emphasizes defensible, factual reporting. Speculating about unseen issues (e.g., “the foundation probably has major structural damage”) creates liability if proven false. Instead, inspectors should describe observations and recommend further evaluation where necessary. This maintains professional credibility and provides actionable, accurate guidance.

Balanced reporting builds trust and prevents misinterpretation. NHIE Domain 2 emphasizes clarity and accuracy. Including positive findings (e.g., “roof shingles show no significant wear”) alongside defects provides context, showing that the inspector thoroughly evaluated all systems. This reinforces professionalism and helps clients make informed decisions.

Providing approximate ages of major systems helps clients plan for budgeting and replacement. NHIE Domain 2 emphasizes delivering actionable information. For example, noting that a water heater is 15 years old allows clients to anticipate likely replacement. While not predictive of exact failure, age documentation adds practical value and supports informed decision-making.

Condensate drains should discharge to the exterior or an approved drain. Discharging into a crawlspace creates constant moisture, leading to mold, rot, and poor indoor air quality. NHIE Domain 1 requires inspectors to recognize improper drainage practices. Reporting this condition ensures clients are aware of the moisture hazard.