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Nurses are mandated reporters. The priority is to document findings objectively and report to child protective services, regardless of confirmation or suspicion level. Option A may be done but is not the first priority. Option C is not always reliable and may traumatize the child. Option D delays protection. This falls under Safe and Effective Care Environment—Legal and Ethical Responsibilities. NCLEX tests understanding of mandatory reporting laws, client advocacy, and child safety. Nurses must protect vulnerable populations and act within legal obligations.

The nurse must protect client safety by reporting suspicions through the chain of command. Options A and C delay action. Option D is unprofessional. This falls under Safe and Effective Care Environment—Legal and Ethical Practice. NCLEX emphasizes client safety and accountability when impairment is suspected.

Hypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for stroke, and monitoring/controlling blood pressure is essential. Smoking (Option B) and excessive alcohol use (Option C) increase stroke risk. Ignoring cholesterol levels (Option D) is unsafe, as hyperlipidemia is also a risk factor. This aligns with Health Promotion and Maintenance—Illness Prevention. NCLEX emphasizes nurse-led education for lifestyle modifications, such as smoking cessation, diet, weight management, and physical activity. Nurses must assess readiness for change and provide evidence-based teaching to reduce risks and promote cardiovascular health.

Cognitive stimulation through puzzles, reading, or new learning helps maintain memory and brain function. Social engagement and exercise also support brain health. Option A and D encourage withdrawal, which worsens cognitive decline. Option C limits stimulation. This falls under Health Promotion and Maintenance—Aging Process. NCLEX emphasizes nurse-led teaching about lifestyle habits that maintain independence, quality of life, and functional ability in older adults. Preventive education is vital for reducing dementia risk and promoting overall health.

High-fiber diets with fruits and vegetables reduce colorectal cancer risk. Processed meats (Option B) increase risk. Screening is preventive, not symptom-driven (Option C). Risk exists before old age (Option D). This falls under Health Promotion and Maintenance—Preventive Education. NCLEX emphasizes evidence-based teaching for cancer prevention.