Free ABIM Exam Questions That Helps Candidates Pass

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Clostridioides difficile infection occurs after antibiotics disrupt normal gut flora, allowing toxin-producing bacteria to proliferate. It causes watery diarrhea and can progress to pseudomembranous colitis. Cholera causes profuse rice-water stools. Shigella causes bloody diarrhea. Salmonella causes gastroenteritis or systemic infection.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Pulmonary embolism results from venous thromboembolism after immobilization or surgery. Symptoms include sudden dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain. Asthma is wheezing. COPD is chronic. Pneumonia includes fever and infiltrates.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Gout is caused by deposition of monosodium urate crystals, often in the first MTP joint (podagra). Alcohol and purine-rich foods trigger attacks. RA is symmetric polyarthritis. OA is degenerative. Septic arthritis is infectious emergency.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is immune complex-mediated kidney inflammation following streptococcal infection. It causes hematuria, RBC casts, and hypertension. Nephrotic causes proteinuria. UTI causes infection symptoms. Stones cause colicky pain.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated response to infection. It presents with hypotension and systemic inflammatory signs. Requires urgent antibiotics and fluid resuscitation.