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Double jeopardy, protected by the Fifth Amendment, prohibits retrial for the same offense after acquittal or conviction. This ensures fairness in criminal justice.

The PACER system provides official records of bankruptcy filings and discharges. Social media or personal accounts are not admissible in court.

A subpoena duces tecum compels individuals to produce documents, records, or other evidence. Unlike a standard subpoena (which compels appearance), it targets physical or electronic evidence. Private investigators must recognize these orders, as their records may be subject to subpoena in court cases.

Photos must be authenticated and included in a documented chain of custody to establish credibility. Courts require verification of when and how photos were taken, by whom, and that they have not been altered. Simply storing or printing photos without authentication risks exclusion from evidence.

The Eighth Amendment prohibits excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishment. While PIs are not involved in sentencing, awareness of this principle is important when working on criminal defense investigations.