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Motivational interviewing (MI) is an evidence-based approach for clients who feel ambivalent about change. MI helps clients explore pros and cons of substance use, build intrinsic motivation, and enhance self-efficacy. Confrontation or immediate referral without client engagement may damage rapport. Providing advice alone does not resolve ambivalence. The ASWB exam expects recognition of MI as the gold standard for ambivalent substance-using clients, making B correct.

Exposure therapy with coping skills is the gold standard for social anxiety. Avoidance and ignoring worsen symptoms, and psychoanalysis is not first-line. Correct answer: A.

Ethically and legally, client consent is required before releasing information. A signed release ensures transparency and protects confidentiality. Automatically sending records violates privacy. Refusing under all circumstances may interfere with benefits. Providing verbal summaries without consent is also unethical. Correct answer: A.

Confidentiality for minors is complex and depends on state law, parental rights, and ethical standards. The social worker should first review applicable laws and ethical guidelines before disclosing. Automatically releasing or denying notes may breach rights. Asking the client to summarize does not resolve legal responsibilities. On the exam, questions about minors require balancing parental rights with client confidentiality, beginning with consultation of laws and ethics.

Confidentiality requires a written release of information before sharing client details with employers or third parties. Even general updates without identifiers risk breaching trust. Refusing outright ignores client autonomy. The exam emphasizes the importance of client consent, making A correct.