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Normal alternator voltage should be 13.5–14.5V. At 11.8V, the alternator is failing to charge. Lighting fuses, coils, and sensors are not related. ASE G1 stresses alternator testing under load.

If engagement issues occur only in Reverse, the problem is in the reverse clutch or associated hydraulics. Suspension, coolant, and oxygen sensors do not affect Reverse gear. ASE G1 stresses clutch assembly and hydraulic circuit diagnosis.

If harsh engagement occurs only in Reverse, the reverse clutch assembly or hydraulic circuit is at fault. Brake, ignition, and charging systems are unrelated. ASE G1 emphasizes clutch and hydraulic checks.

Caster directly affects steering return. Too much positive caster makes return overly forceful. Camber affects tire wear, balance affects vibration, and alternators affect charging. ASE G1 emphasizes caster angle knowledge.

The idle air control valve regulates airflow at idle. If faulty, the engine may stall at low speeds but run well once the throttle is opened. Coolant and alternators affect other systems, and clutch discs affect manual drivetrains, not idle performance. ASE G1 emphasizes proper diagnosis of idle-related components and ECM input/output systems.