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A strong thesis is specific, arguable, and previews reasons that will be developed in the essay. Choice B asserts a clear claim (“Cities should increase … funding”) and offers three defendable reasons—traffic reduction, lower emissions, and job access—creating a roadmap for body paragraphs. This aligns with HiSET Writing expectations that a thesis guide organization and justify a position with evidence. Option A is vague and lacks an argumentative stance. Option C states a fact rather than a claim to be proven. Option D is overly general and unsubstantiated. Effective thesis statements help coherence and cohesion: each reason can correspond to a paragraph with evidence (e.g., congestion metrics, emissions data, commute studies). The specificity of B invites relevant support and counterargument (e.g., cost considerations), enabling a balanced, persuasive essay. Hence, B is correct.

“Inclement” weather is harsh, stormy, or severe. Context clue: “delaying the flight.” Correct: B.

The Sun is a G-type main sequence star. It’s stable, fusing hydrogen into helium. Red giants and white dwarfs are later stages; neutron stars are remnants of supernovae. Correct: C.

FDR’s New Deal in the 1930s introduced federal programs for relief, recovery, and reform during the Great Depression. Hoover preceded him, Kennedy and Reagan came later. Correct: B.

There are 6 values. Median is the average of the 3rd and 4th: (18+20)/2=19(18+20)/2 = 19. Correct: C. Medians are robust against outliers, unlike means.