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The subject “Scientists” is plural, so the verb must also be plural: “believe,” not “believes.” Option B is correct. Option A incorrectly changes subject to singular. Option C would wrongly alter the second verb, which is correct because “climate change” is singular. Option D mischanges the object. GED RLA grammar questions often test subject-verb agreement. Strategy: identify the subject (ignore intervening words), then match singular/plural verbs accordingly. Reading aloud helps: “Scientists believe” sounds correct; “Scientists believes” does not. Quick subject-verb checks prevent careless errors.

Convert 30% to decimal = 0.30. Multiply: 0.30×250=750.30 \times 250 = 75. Option C is correct. Option A (50) equals 20% of 250. Option B (65) miscalculates. Option D (80) equals 32%. GED strategy: rewrite percent as fraction: 30/100×250=7500/100=7530/100 \times 250 = 7500/100 = 75. Always estimate: 10% of 250 = 25; 30% ≈ 75, confirming.

Option D uses a single negative (“not”), producing a clear meaning. Options A–C use nonstandard double negatives, which confuse meaning (“didn’t see nothing” = did see something). GED grammar tasks often highlight these errors. Strategy: rewrite with only one negative per clause. For clarity, replace informal “can’t hardly” with “can hardly.” In academic writing, double negatives are avoided except for specific rhetorical effects.

Handle successive percent changes multiplicatively. Start with $80. A 15% increase means multiply by 1.15: $80 × 1.15 = $92. A 10% discount means multiply by 0.90: $92 × 0.90 = $82.80. Thus, Option B is correct. A common error is to add and subtract percentages directly to the original price (e.g., +15% − 10% = +5% → $84), which ignores that the second change applies to the new price, not the original. Another mistake is reversing the order; but in this case, reversing would give $80 × 0.90 × 1.15 = $82.80 as well—the same result—because multiplication is commutative. On the GED, translate each step into a multiplier: increase by p% → ×(1 + p), decrease by q% → ×(1 − q). For a quick reasonableness check, 10% off $92 is $9.20, so $92 − $9.20 = $82.80. This sits between the starting $80 and the intermediate $92, which makes sense after an up-then-down sequence where the down percent is smaller than the up percent.

The Federal Reserve is the central bank of the United States. Its core function is to conduct monetary policy—influencing money and credit conditions—to help achieve stable prices, maximum sustainable employment, and moderate long-term interest rates. It does so via tools such as setting the federal funds rate target, open market operations, and reserve requirements, and by acting as lender of last resort to promote financial stability. Option B captures this remit. Option A is the IRS’s role, not the Fed’s. Option C involves state legislatures; tax rates vary by state and locality. Option D belongs to the President and Senate (nomination and confirmation). On GED Social Studies, match institutions to functions: Treasury/IRS (fiscal policy, taxes/spending), Federal Reserve (monetary policy), Congress (laws, budget), Executive (enforcement, appointments), Judiciary (interpretation). Distinguishing monetary from fiscal policy is a frequent test point.